Carbon and Nitrogen Cycle Test Study Sheet
Cycle Notes:
Earth’s 4 Main Spheres - Atmosphere(air), Lithosphere (Land), Hydrosphere (water) Biosphere (Life)
The 4 Earth Elements needed essential for life on this planet - Carbon (C), Oxygen (O), Hydrogen (H), and Nitrogen (N)
The steps of the Oxygen cycle - 1.Plants give off O2 2. Animals take in O2 3. Animals give off CO2 4. Plants take in CO2
What is a Carbon Pool?
- A location where carbon is stored
- Plants, atmosphere, litter and waste, oceans, animals, fossil fuels, bacteria, fungi
Process 1: Photosynthesis (atmosphere – biosphere)
- Plants take CO2 out of the atmosphere
- Plants use the C to make food (sugars and carbohydrates)
- Plants release oxygen
Process 2: Respiration (biosphere -- atmosphere)
- Animals eat carbon in food form plants or other animals.
- Animals breathe in oxygen
- Each cell in the body does work and creates CO2
- Animals breathe out CO2
Process 3: Decomposition (biosphere – atmosphere) (biosphere – lithosphere) (biosphere – biosphere)
- decomposers eat dead plant or animal material perform respiration and breathe out CO2.
- decomposers eat dead plant or animal material then produce waste which takes carbon into the soil
Process 4: Deforestation
- Cutting or burning down trees or vegetation for human use
- Removes plants that take CO2 out of the air.
- Adds more CO2 to the air through combustion.
Process 5: Combustion
- Burning of plant or animal material which releases CO2 into the atmosphere
Process 6: Consumption
- When animals eat plant or other animal material
Fossil Fuels
- Plant or animal materials that have decomposed into the soil and after millions of years of pressure and heat have become coal, oil, and natural gas.
Nitrogen Cycle information:
Nitrogen Facts
-78% of the air is “Free Nitrogen”
- All organisms on our planet need it
Nitrogen Fixation
- Bacteria take “free nitrogen” (N2) out of the air and FIX it so that plants can use it to create plant compounds. (Plant parts)
Legumes
- Plants that have bacteria attached to their roots that take in nitrogen easily and add nitrogen to the soil. (making it rich for farmers) Oats, peas, corn
Process 1: Digestion
- animals eat the legumes or other plants and use the nitrogen to make their own nitrogen compounds.
Process 2: Decomposition
- when plants or animals die decomposers break down organic matter and return some nitrogen to the soil
- Some nitrogen is released by bacteria as N2 back to the atmosphere.
Nitrogen releasing bacteria
- some bacteria release “free nitrogen” N2 into the atmosphere
Extra Stuff:
What are the greenhouse gases-Carbon Dioxide, methane, water vapor
What is the greenhouse effect?
When to much carbon is being released into the atmosphere. The carbon dioxide acts like a blanket and warms the earth.
Cycle Notes:
Earth’s 4 Main Spheres - Atmosphere(air), Lithosphere (Land), Hydrosphere (water) Biosphere (Life)
The 4 Earth Elements needed essential for life on this planet - Carbon (C), Oxygen (O), Hydrogen (H), and Nitrogen (N)
The steps of the Oxygen cycle - 1.Plants give off O2 2. Animals take in O2 3. Animals give off CO2 4. Plants take in CO2
What is a Carbon Pool?
- A location where carbon is stored
- Plants, atmosphere, litter and waste, oceans, animals, fossil fuels, bacteria, fungi
Process 1: Photosynthesis (atmosphere – biosphere)
- Plants take CO2 out of the atmosphere
- Plants use the C to make food (sugars and carbohydrates)
- Plants release oxygen
Process 2: Respiration (biosphere -- atmosphere)
- Animals eat carbon in food form plants or other animals.
- Animals breathe in oxygen
- Each cell in the body does work and creates CO2
- Animals breathe out CO2
Process 3: Decomposition (biosphere – atmosphere) (biosphere – lithosphere) (biosphere – biosphere)
- decomposers eat dead plant or animal material perform respiration and breathe out CO2.
- decomposers eat dead plant or animal material then produce waste which takes carbon into the soil
Process 4: Deforestation
- Cutting or burning down trees or vegetation for human use
- Removes plants that take CO2 out of the air.
- Adds more CO2 to the air through combustion.
Process 5: Combustion
- Burning of plant or animal material which releases CO2 into the atmosphere
Process 6: Consumption
- When animals eat plant or other animal material
Fossil Fuels
- Plant or animal materials that have decomposed into the soil and after millions of years of pressure and heat have become coal, oil, and natural gas.
Nitrogen Cycle information:
Nitrogen Facts
-78% of the air is “Free Nitrogen”
- All organisms on our planet need it
Nitrogen Fixation
- Bacteria take “free nitrogen” (N2) out of the air and FIX it so that plants can use it to create plant compounds. (Plant parts)
Legumes
- Plants that have bacteria attached to their roots that take in nitrogen easily and add nitrogen to the soil. (making it rich for farmers) Oats, peas, corn
Process 1: Digestion
- animals eat the legumes or other plants and use the nitrogen to make their own nitrogen compounds.
Process 2: Decomposition
- when plants or animals die decomposers break down organic matter and return some nitrogen to the soil
- Some nitrogen is released by bacteria as N2 back to the atmosphere.
Nitrogen releasing bacteria
- some bacteria release “free nitrogen” N2 into the atmosphere
Extra Stuff:
What are the greenhouse gases-Carbon Dioxide, methane, water vapor
What is the greenhouse effect?
When to much carbon is being released into the atmosphere. The carbon dioxide acts like a blanket and warms the earth.
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